Carbon sequestration by terrestrial and marine biodiversity- a tool for combating climate change
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15623594Keywords:
carbon, sequestration, trees, soil, flora, marine, planktons, carbonateAbstract
Carbon sequestration by terrestrial and marine biodiversity is a critical mechanism for mitigating climate change. This paper explores the significant role of diverse ecosystems, including forests, grasslands, wetlands, seagrasses, mangroves, and salt marshes, in capturing and storing carbon. Terrestrial ecosystems act as substantial carbon sinks through processes such as photosynthesis, organic matter decomposition, and soil carbon storage, with grasslands being particularly noteworthy. Coastal blue carbon ecosystems, including seagrasses, mangroves, and salt marshes, efficiently trap and store carbon in marine environments. Marine biodiversity, encompassing coral reefs and plankton, also contributes to carbon sequestration through various mechanisms. Despite their importance, these ecosystems face threats from climate change and human activities. Preserving and restoring biodiversity in both terrestrial and marine environments is crucial for maintaining their capacity to sequester carbon and, consequently, for global climate change mitigation. This review underscores the urgent need to prioritize conservation efforts aimed at safeguarding these invaluable ecosystems for the benefit of the planet's climate and biodiversity.
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