Seed morphological and wood anatomical traits reveal diversity of Garcinia kola Heckel in tropical humid forest of Cameroon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20008394Keywords:
NTFP, Accessions Ecological , Factors Populations , MorphotypesAbstract
This work aimed to investigate the diversity of Garcinia kola. Heckel was found in the tropical humid forest of Cameroon using morphological traits of seeds and anatomical traits of wood. 1550 accessions of G. kola seeds were collected from 31 trees, of which 9 were located in the east region, and 22 were located in the center region. The morphological traits of seeds (weight, length, and diameter) were measured on 50 seeds harvested per tree. The transversal, tangential, and radial sections with a thickness of wood of about 15-30µm were obtained from 15 trees and observed under a light microscope for the characterization of anatomical traits. The anatomical parameters (densities, vessel diameter, fiber and ray length, surface of parenchyma, rays, vessels, fiber) were measured in bright-field microscopy images using the Spectrum software. The mean length of seeds is higher in the East region (3.049±0.22 cm) than in the center (2.92±0.36 cm). Meanwhile, seeds from the center region had the highest diameter (1.590±0.13 cm) and weight (6.045± 1.03 g) compared to seeds from the East region (1.35±0.13 cm and 4.52±1.04 g). The high values of anatomical parameters evaluated were observed in the individual originating from the East region. The direct hierarchical classification of the accessions allowed obtaining 2 different groups based on morphological descriptors of seeds and anatomical parameters of woods. The morphological variations of bitter kola seeds and anatomical parameters may have resulted from complex genetic inter-crossing processes and probably the ecological conditions of the zones.
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